All That You Wanted to Know About Wood Finishing (Part 2)…
Wood finishes furniture,wood stain finishes,wood finishes varnish
The first part generally dealt with texture terminology. Let us now take
a look at certain processes associated with wood finishing, plus miscellaneous
leftovers!
(1) COATING protects any surface. It can be anything—shellac, acrylic,
lacquer, drying oils or Danish oils, polyurethane, butyrate, or vinyl.
(2) The above-mentioned action is referred to as COAT.
(3) When several layers or a thick layer of coating is applied, it is
called FLOOD.
(4) FLOW refers to flowing movement of the liquid, resulting in a smooth
and level finish.
(5) Rough textures (for instance, orange peel effect) can be smoothened
out via the application of another coat—LEVELING.
(6) The surface/material that is to be coated is known as the SUBSTRATE.
(7) The first coating applied to a bare surface is the PRIMER.
(8) Sometimes, an area on the surface may be deliberately left uncoated.
We refer to this as HOLIDAY.
(9) The topcoats and substrate are separated via a BARRIER COAT.
(10) If the material is terribly viscous, a solvent can thin it for easy
use. This is the THINNER or REDUCER.
(11) When the liquid coating material is very thick, it has VISCOSITY.
(12) The solvent portion of the coating is referred to as VOLATILE.
(13) Visible defects can be repaired with the aid of a hot knife plus
a BURN-IN stick (resin or shellac).
(14) The surface can receive a shellac-based coating as an extra padding.
This manual application is known as FRENCH POLISH.
(15) SANDING SEALER (a lacquer or some other specially-formulated coating)
provides better sanding and better filling for wood.
(16) Lacquer is made from a resin material known as NITROCELLULOSE.
(17) An extremely thin coating of sanding sealer or shellac or some other
material is called WASH COAT.
(18) WATER WHITE indicates the color of the liquid coating (clear and
colorless like water).
(19) Color is provided with the aid of insoluble powder that has been
finely ground—PIGMENT.
(20) If the coloring material dissolves completely in a very transparent
system, it is a DYE.
(21) The coating and the color give a SHEEN or GLOSS to wood.
(22) If the grained effect is desired, it can be achieved via GLAZE.
An oil-based pigment is placed between lacquer coats.
(23) If the coated film can be seen through, it is TRANSPARENT.
(24) If the pigmented coating does not allow for viewing what is underneath,
it is OPAQUE (OPACITY).
(25) TRANSLUCENT is between transparent and opaque—light comes through,
but does not provide a clear image.
(26) Sometimes coatings and stains are INCOMPATIBLE, and cannot be mixed.
(27) Has a strong solvent been applied over a curing-type coating such
as urethane lacquer or polyurethane or catalytic lacquer or enamels? The
surface will exhibit softening and re-penetration of the previous coat
(orange peel or stripping effect). This phenomenon is known as LIFTING.
(28) After drying, the surface coating acquires optimum hardness. At
this time, if the wood is exposed to a heat source, it will ignite—DRY
HARD.
